40+ Cell Biology MCQs On – The Cell Theory (Cells: The Basic Unit of Life)

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1. Who first observed that all plants are composed of different kinds of cells?

  • A) Theodore Schwann
  • B) Matthias Schleiden
  • C) Rudolf Virchow
  • D) None of the above
  • Answer: B) Matthias Schleiden

2. Who concluded that the presence of a cell wall is a unique character of plant cells?

  • A) Theodore Schwann
  • B) Matthias Schleiden
  • C) Rudolf Virchow
  • D) None of the above
  • Answer: B) Matthias Schleiden

3. Who proposed the hypothesis that the bodies of animals and plants are composed of cells and products of cells?

  • A) Theodore Schwann
  • B) Matthias Schleiden
  • C) Rudolf Virchow
  • D) None of the above
  • Answer: A) Theodore Schwann

4. Who explained that cells divided, and new cells are formed from pre-existing cells?

  • A) Rudolf Virchow
  • B) Theodore Schwann
  • C) Matthias Schleiden
  • D) None of the above
  • Answer: A) Rudolf Virchow

5. What is the first principle of the cell theory?

  • A) All living organisms are composed of cells.
  • B) All cells arise from pre-existing cells.
  • C) Both A and B
  • D) None of the above
  • Answer: A) All living organisms are composed of cells.

6. What is the second principle of the cell theory?

  • A) All living organisms are composed of cells.
  • B) All cells arise from pre-existing cells.
  • C) Both A and B
  • D) None of the above
  • Answer: B) All cells arise from pre-existing cells

7. Who modified the hypothesis of Schleiden and Schwann to give the cell theory its final shape?


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  • A) Rudolf Virchow
  • B) Theodore Schwann
  • C) Matthias Schleiden
  • D) None of the above
  • Answer: A) Rudolf Virchow

8. What is the meaning of “Omnis cellula-e cellula”?

  • A) All living organisms are composed of cells.
  • B) All cells arise from pre-existing cells.
  • C) Both A and B
  • D) None of the above
  • Answer: B) All cells arise from pre-existing cells

9. Which of the following is NOT a fundamental principle of the cell theory?

  • A) All living organisms are composed of cells.
  • B) All cells arise from pre-existing cells.
  • C) New cells can arise spontaneously.
  • D) None of the above
  • Answer: C) New cells can arise spontaneously

10. The discovery of the cell and the formulation of the cell theory marked a major turning point in the history of which field?

  • A) Physics
  • B) Chemistry
  • C) Biology
  • D) None of the above
  • Answer: C) Biology

11. What did Theodore Schwann observe about animal cells?

  • A) They have a thin outer layer known as the plasma membrane.
  • B) They have a unique character called the cell wall.
  • C) They are not composed of cells.
  • D) None of the above
  • Answer: A) They have a thin outer layer known as the plasma membrane

12. What did Rudolf Virchow first explain about cell division?

  • A) New cells can arise spontaneously.
  • B) New cells are formed from pre-existing cells.
  • C) Both A and B
  • D) None of the above
  • Answer: B) New cells are formed from pre-existing cells.

13. What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells?

  • A) To regulate the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
  • B) To protect the cell from damage.
  • C) To provide structure and support to the cell.
  • D) None of the above
  • Answer: C) To provide structure and support to the cell

14. What is the unique character of animal cells according to Theodore Schwann?

  • A) The cell wall
  • B) The plasma membrane
  • C) The cytoplasm
  • D) None of the above
  • Answer: B) The plasma membrane

15. What is the unique character of plant cells according to Matthias Schleiden?

  • A) The cell wall
  • B) The plasma membrane
  • C) The cytoplasm
  • D) The Endoplasmic Reticulum
  • Answer: A) The cell wall

16. Who first proposed the cell theory?

  • A) Theodore Schwann
  • B) Matthias Schleiden
  • C) Rudolf Virchow
  • D) Both A and B
  • Answer: D) Both A and B

17. What is the basic building block of life?

  • A) Proteins
  • B) DNA
  • C) Cells
  • D) Lipids
  • Answer: C) Cells

18. What are the basic functions of life carried out by cells?

  • A) Respiration
  • B) Reproduction
  • C) Growth
  • D) All of the above
  • Answer: D) All of the above

19. Which principle of the cell theory states that cells are the smallest units that can carry out all the basic functions of life?

  • A) All living organisms are composed of cells
  • B) Cells are the structural and functional units of life
  • C) All cells arise from pre-existing cells
  • D) None of the above
  • Answer: B) Cells are the structural and functional units of life

20. Which principle of the cell theory states that new cells are produced from pre-existing cells through cell division?

  • A) All living organisms are composed of cells
  • B) Cells are the structural and functional units of life
  • C) All cells arise from pre-existing cells
  • D) None of the above
  • Answer: C) All cells arise from pre-existing cells

21. What is the significance of the cell theory in biology?

  • A) It explains how living organisms are organized and how they function
  • B) It provides a framework for understanding the relationship between structure and function in cells
  • C) It explains how cells interact with one another to form tissues, organs, and organisms
  • D) All of the above
  • Answer: D) All of the above

22. What technological advances have been made possible by the study of cells?

  • A) Understanding the causes of many diseases
  • B) Developing new treatments for diseases
  • C) Advances in microscopy and other imaging techniques
  • D) All of the above
  • Answer: D) All of the above

23. What is the main implication of the cell theory for biology?

  • A) Cells are the basic units of life
  • B) Cells are responsible for all the basic functions of life
  • C) Cells are responsible for the structure and function of living organisms
  • D) All of the above
  • Answer: D) All of the above

24. Which scientist modified the cell theory to include the principle that all cells arise from pre-existing cells?

  • A) Theodore Schwann
  • B) Matthias Schleiden
  • C) Rudolf Virchow
  • D) Louis Pasteur
  • Answer: C) Rudolf Virchow

25. Which principle of the cell theory explains how living organisms are organized?

  • A) All living organisms are composed of cells
  • B) Cells are the structural and functional units of life
  • C) All cells arise from pre-existing cells
  • D) None of the above
  • Answer: A) All living organisms are composed of cells

26. Which principle of the cell theory explains how cells interact with one another to form tissues, organs, and organisms?

  • A) All living organisms are composed of cells
  • B) Cells are the structural and functional units of life
  • C) All cells arise from pre-existing cells
  • D) None of the above
  • Answer: B) Cells are the structural and functional units of life

27. Which of the following statements is part of the modern cell theory?

  • A) All cells are the same in chemical composition
  • B) All cells contain DNA
  • C) All cells are prokaryotic in nature
  • D) All cells are capable of photosynthesis
  • Answer: B) All cells contain DNA

28. Which of the following statements is part of the modern cell theory?

  • A) Cells are not the fundamental unit of structure and function in all living organisms
  • B) All living cells arise spontaneously from non-living matter
  • C) Energy flow occurs outside of cells
  • D) The activity of an organism depends on the total activity of independent cells
  • Answer: D) The activity of an organism depends on the total activity of independent cells

29. Which of the following statements is part of the modern cell theory?

  • A) Cells do not contain any genetic material
  • B) All living things are made up of at least one cell
  • C) All cells have a similar structure and function
  • D) Energy flow occurs between cells
  • Answer: B) All living things are made up of at least one cell

30. Which of the following statements is part of the modern cell theory?

  • A) Cells can arise spontaneously from non-living matter
  • B) The structure of a cell has no relation to its function
  • C) All cells arise from pre-existing cells
  • D) The activity of an organism is determined by its environment, not by its cells
  • Answer: C) All cells arise from pre-existing cells

31. What invention allowed for the observation of cells?

  • A) Telescope
  • B) Binoculars
  • C) Microscope
  • D) Camera
  • Answer: C) Microscope

32. Why did Robert Hooke use the term “cell” to describe the structures he observed in cork?

  • A) Because the cells were occupied by monks
  • B) Because the cells reminded him of prison cells
  • C) Because the cells were rectangular like cells in a spreadsheet
  • D) Because the cellulose walls of the cells resembled blocks occupied by monks
  • Answer: D) Because the cellulose walls of the cells resembled blocks occupied by monks

33. What did Antonie van Leeuwenhoek observe that extended the known variety of living things?

  • A) Blood cells
  • B) Spermatozoa
  • C) Unicellular organisms
  • D) All of the above
  • Answer: D) All of the above

34. Who was the first to observe the nucleus in plant cells?

  • A) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
  • B) Robert Brown
  • C) Matthias Schleiden
  • D) Theodor Schwann
  • Answer: B) Robert Brown

35. What was the critical discovery made during the 1830s that led to the development of cell theory?

  • A) The discovery of DNA
  • B) The discovery of mitochondria
  • C) The discovery of the nucleus
  • D) The discovery of the plasma membrane
  • Answer: C) The discovery of the nucleus

36. What is protoplasm?

  • A) A living substance found in cells
  • B) A dead substance found in cells
  • C) A chemical used to stain cells
  • D) A tool used to observe cells
  • Answer: A) A living substance found in cells

37. What was the main reason for the delay in the formulation of cell theory?

  • A) Lack of interest in studying cells
  • B) Poor quality of microscopes
  • C) The persistence of ancient ideas
  • D) The absence of living material in cells
  • Answer: C) The persistence of ancient ideas

38. According to cell theory, what is the basic unit of life?

  • A) The atom
  • B) The molecule
  • C) The cell
  • D) The organ
  • Answer: C) The cell

39. Who proposed the idea that all living things are made up of cells?

  • A) Robert Brown
  • B) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
  • C) Matthias Schleiden
  • D) Theodor Schwann
  • Answer: D) Theodor Schwann

40. What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

  • A) To produce energy
  • B) To store nutrients
  • C) To regulate cell activity
  • D) To provide structural support
  • Answer: C) To regulate cell activity

41. What is the term used to describe the movement of protoplasm within a cell?

  • A) Endocytosis
  • B) Exocytosis
  • C) Cytokinesis
  • D) Cytoplasmic streaming
  • Answer: D) Cytoplasmic streaming
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